Globally relevant success: Airbus and TNO achieve new heights in optical communication

Making the connection

Current satellite communication takes place in radio-frequency (RF) bands. But these lack both the security and bandwidth for the growing amount of data being shared. Laser-based optical connections enable multiple terabytes of data to be transmitted in mere seconds – instead of several hours. In critical communication, such as among military aircraft and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), every second counts. Laser satellite connections are also more secure and harder to jam or intercept, of course a crucial requirement for military communications.

‘Military drones fly in stealth mode, but the moment they make an RF connection to receive commands or transmit data, they lose this advantage. They can be localised and thus be jammed or even intercepted,’ explains Thomas Liebig, Systems Engineer at TNO. ‘Using an optical data link will make – and keep – drones virtually invisible.’

The successful Airbus and TNO project, called UltraAir, also has implications for ordinary citizens. Commercial aircraft can eventually be equipped with these high-precision optical connections, enabling high-speed, secure internet in-flight. ‘An optical connection is a significant leap forward in bandwidth,’ Thomas explains. ‘Passengers will be able to enjoy the same bandwidth on an aircraft that they get at home with a fibre optic connection.’

Addressing the complexity

Transmitting a laser beam over 36,000 kilometres of space, crossing the atmosphere, and connecting two moving objects is a technological challenge. The beam pointing must not only remain stable despite continuous movement; it must also compensate for platform vibrations and atmospheric disturbances. TNO developed the optical, mechanical, and control technology needed to achieve this stable laser link and maintain the accuracy needed for a connection with the satellite.

‘UltraAir is a perfect example of TNO’s value-add,’ Thomas says. ‘When there is a challenge that’s too big to solve on your own, we help you find the solution. More than 100 experts in optics, optomechatronics, radar, electronics and space and scientific instrumentation came together in the project. We pushed the boundaries of our expertise and the components themselves. But in the end, we’re proud that all that effort has paid off.’

Making a global impact

The success of UltraAir paves the way for global data connections that are faster, more efficient, and more secure. It also opens the door for innovations that will lead to laser-driven communication solutions among other moving platforms, like cars and ships. Global innovations like this help to position the Netherlands, and Europe, to compete on the global stage.

‘This breakthrough proves that the Netherlands delivers technology with strategic global impact,’ says Kees Buijsrogge, Director of Space at TNO. ‘Secure high-speed laser communication is essential for both defense operations and civil connectivity. By leading in this field, the Dutch industry strengthens Europe’s security and competitiveness.’